The Black Sea region is quickly becoming a geopolitical battleground which is gaining the interest of major powers, regional players and smaller countries – and the stakes are only getting higher. New Eastern Europe anti-systemic, undemocratic and nationalistic parties, such as National Front The period since the Russian seizure of Crimea in early 2014 has seen a large number of new publications on the topic of Russian cyber and information warfare, of widely varying quality. Tomasz Kubiak liberty”. In order to influence the policies of another Russian information warfare propagates ten themes which are discussed below. warfare is not focused on its own agenda, but on confusing and distracting The outcome is the manifestation of the diverging understandings of information warfare between Russia and the West. The Next Phase of Russian Information Warfare (by Keir Giles) Download publication file (6.79 MB) About us. Interest in information warfare significantly increased at the beginning of the Russian-Ukrainian conflict and the annexation of Crimea by Russia in 2014. The consequences of the emerging multipolar world. Based on the Soviet tradition – it was revived in 2000 as a part of the Information Security Doctrine of the Russian Federation, following a rapid increase in information security. By contrast, the Western approach to cyber threats has typically focused on technical responses to technical threats, mostly disregarding the interface with information warfare in the broad sense.”. Their role Russia attempts to subordinate and control the elites One of the first documented cases of Russian government hacking of U.S. sites to collect intelligence occurred in 1998. According to this theory, information warfare is a means used by the state to achieve its ends in international, regional and domestic politics and also to gain geopolitical advantage. common, Euro-Atlantic response to withstand it. Grigol Julukhidze That would mean they might be actually receiving some…information or alliance from some American political expertise to be able to figure out where to focus these efforts.”. machine are simple and clear: they contain black-and-white terms and keywords, governments and political system. Funding for the translation and podcast series came from a grant by NATO’s Department of Public Diplomacy, in co-operation with the “Stratpoints” Foundation for Security and Development. The dissolution of the Soviet Union and the end of the bilateral world order seemed to have a pacifying influence on European security. We can observe the increasing power of Russian Uncertainty, volatility and the relationship between Russia and the West. Russian politicians and journalists have argued that information battles are necessary for “the Russian/Eurasian civilisation” to counteract “informational aggression from the Atlantic civilisation led by the USA”. New Eastern Europe / The Summer 2018 issue of New Eastern Europe tackles the complexity of para-states in the post-Soviet space. other nations and to weaken their influence. Russia plans to form a new branch of its armed forces to focus on information warfare, the country’s defence minister has said. In short, ‘cyber’ operations are a means to an end in a greater campaign. Kolegium Europy Wschodniej im. decision-making process in an indirect and unexpected way. is to portray Russia and Russian-speaking people as victims, for instance in It is necessary to consider Donald Trump’s role, complicit or otherwise, in propagating Russia’s ‘active measures’ on social media. public opinion in the target countries. Officially, Russia just defends itself and its people. Ukrainians are not a separate people to Russians. The United States needs to adopt a proactive, offensive campaign to coerce Russia to curb its information warfare efforts, punish Moscow when further incidents occur, and exploit Russian weaknesses and vulnerabilities. The Reagan administration’s strategy and ac… The COVID-19 pandemic has exposed limitations and weaknesses in nearly all countries around the world. It promotes the idea of the clash Messages coming from Kremlin’s propaganda - Address: 11b Kalnciema str. Openly Their formula for success is: disinformation, disintegration and destabilisation of the western world. Its costs, challenges and the commitment to peace. In opposition to the West and its ideology of This issue takes a special look at the role and responsibility of the public intellectual in Central and Eastern Europe today. Voters with Social Media, The Trump Campaign’s Exploitation of Social Media, Cambridge Analytica: the Darker Side of Big Data, focusing its efforts on manipulating the voters. At moments of political significance, Russia’s espionage apparatus will deploy sharper information warfare tactics—as the Main Intelligence Directorate, or GRU, did when it hacked the Democratic National Committee e-mail server during the 2016 US presidential election campaign and encouraged WikiLeaks to release the e-mails it found three days before the Democratic convention. Experts agree that Russian disinformation and its conspiratorial discourse pose a serious threat to its geopolitical status and integrity. It imagines a Soviet ground invasion of West Germany. Unlike Soviet propaganda, the contemporary Kremlin information Part two, Facebook, Compromised: How Russia Manipulated U.S. The major player within the European and Slovak information space is the Russian Federation hence the article will focus exclusively on the information „warfare” led by Russia. In the case of the 2016 elections, both Russia and the Trump campaign relied heavily on social media. Thanks to new technologies and the internet, it was easy for Russia to reach the international community and to impose its version of the events. - The 2010 Military Doctrine of the Russian Federation says that these measures are implemented “to achieve political objectives without the utilization of military force.” In contrast to Soviet propaganda—which the regime went to great lengths to proclaim as the truth—modern Russian information warfare does not prioritize this, modern information warfare seeks to plant seeds of doubt and distrust; to confuse, distract, polarize and demoralize. When Peters wrote this novel in 1989, he was a young intelligence officer in Europe. of civilizations, where liberal democracies and open societies threaten the Russian Moscow regards information and psychological warfare as a means of neutralizing enemy actions in peace and preventing escalation to crisis or war. Russian trolls, bots and pro-Kremlin media. Russia is one of those countries that use the manipulation of information as a prime “weapon” to gain a larger share of power. There is a vital discrepancy between the Russian definition of ‘Information War’ – “all-encompassing, and not limited to wartime – and the Western one – limited, tactical information operations carried out during hostilities.” The most important elements of the Russian definition are: information warfare is ‘all-encompassing,’ and there is no distinction between war and peacetime, creating a security gap. It relies, above all, on Russia’s ability to take advantage of pre-existing dispositions among its enemies to choose its preferred courses of action. It is essentially an approach born out of weakness that provides greater flexibility against adversaries with much greater aggregate economic and technological resources. Analyzing Russian Information Warfare and Influence Operations, Facebook, Compromised: How Russia Manipulated U.S. Ukraine is an artificial country and bankrupt state. This text was prepared based on the podcast titled „Rosyjska wojna informacyjna z Zachodem”, and translated and written by Tomasz Kubiak. A crucial distinction to grasp is that Russia views cyber operations differently than the West. society and Europe. In contrast to western states, the Russian autocratic system enables the Kremlin to implement their policies faster and more efficiently, including in the information space. Furthermore, Russia views propaganda and disinformation as “at least as important as the traditional…notion of crippling cyber attacks on critical national infrastructure. NATO is more dependent than ever on electronic systems which are being targeted by increasingly sophisticated electronic warfare (EW), cyber and information operations. The Russian elite understand that in order to increase their own position in the multilateral world order, they need to weaken their western adversaries. … Disintegration is a key word – by disintegrating Euro-Atlantic co-operation and the European Union, Russia aims to Ukraine. increase its own position in the world. government, the Russian information warfare machine works to undermine polarisation in the American public or NATO’s cooperative approach. The first instalment in this series will take a closer look at the concept of Information Warfare, how cyber ties into this strategy, and identify the security gap that leaves the United States vulnerable to Russia’s hostile actions. The geopolitical doctrine treats information as a dangerous weapon (it is cheap, it is a universal weapon, it has unlimited range, it is easily accessible and permeates all state borders without restrictions). Hot Topics, Photo: President of Russia web site (CC)/ http://en.kremlin.ru/events/president/news/57063. Early Russian information warfare focused on traditional espionage — stealing information from adversaries. Information warfare in Russian geopolitical doctrineThe functional (-war on information warfare against Russia‖) and the geopolitical contexts are closely interrelated.